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drp1  (Cell Signaling Technology Inc)


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    Structured Review

    Cell Signaling Technology Inc drp1
    COPN restores mitochondrial quality control and interrupts the ROS‒cGAS‒inflammation axis in OGD/R-treated R28 cells. a , TEM images showing changes in the mitochondrial ultrastructure of R28 cells subjected to various treatments (PBS, PDNs, COPN-L, and COPN-H) after OGD/R. Scale bar: 500 nm b , Quantitative analyses of mitochondrial length and number in R28 cells as indicated in a . c , Representative fluorescence images showing JC-1 staining of the mitochondrial Δψm: aggregates (red) indicate healthy mitochondria, whereas monomers (green) represent depolarized mitochondria. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 50 μm d , Intracellular ATP content assay revealing improved energy production after COPN treatment under OGD/R stress conditions. e , mRNA expression analysis of mitochondrial dynamic regulatory genes (Opa1, Mfn2, <t>Drp1,</t> and Fis1) and mitochondrial DNA transcription levels (mt-ND1 and mt-COX1). f , Quantitative analysis of the JC-1 fluorescence ratio (aggregates/monomers) and mitochondrial ROS levels (MitoSOX staining). g–h , Western blot analysis of proteins involved in mitochondrial autophagy (Pink1, Parkin, and P62) (g) and mitochondrial fusion/fission (Opa1, Mfn2, Mfn1, Drp1, and Fis1) (h) . i , Confocal fluorescence microscopy images of mitochondria (green, MitoTracker) and lysosomes (red, LysoTracker) in R28 cells after different treatments. Nuclei were stained with Hoechst (blue). Scale bar: 50 μm ∗ ∗∗∗P < 0.0001. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
    Drp1, supplied by Cell Signaling Technology Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 97/100, based on 938 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/rabbit+anti+drp1+antibody/DRP1+Rabbit+mAb/pmc13049686-160-6-7
    Average 97 stars, based on 938 article reviews
    drp1 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    97/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "A dual-responsive CO-releasing nanogel ameliorates retinal ischemia–reperfusion injury by restoring mitochondrial homeostasis and attenuating cGAS-STING pathway activation"

    Article Title: A dual-responsive CO-releasing nanogel ameliorates retinal ischemia–reperfusion injury by restoring mitochondrial homeostasis and attenuating cGAS-STING pathway activation

    Journal: Materials Today Bio

    doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102974

    COPN restores mitochondrial quality control and interrupts the ROS‒cGAS‒inflammation axis in OGD/R-treated R28 cells. a , TEM images showing changes in the mitochondrial ultrastructure of R28 cells subjected to various treatments (PBS, PDNs, COPN-L, and COPN-H) after OGD/R. Scale bar: 500 nm b , Quantitative analyses of mitochondrial length and number in R28 cells as indicated in a . c , Representative fluorescence images showing JC-1 staining of the mitochondrial Δψm: aggregates (red) indicate healthy mitochondria, whereas monomers (green) represent depolarized mitochondria. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 50 μm d , Intracellular ATP content assay revealing improved energy production after COPN treatment under OGD/R stress conditions. e , mRNA expression analysis of mitochondrial dynamic regulatory genes (Opa1, Mfn2, Drp1, and Fis1) and mitochondrial DNA transcription levels (mt-ND1 and mt-COX1). f , Quantitative analysis of the JC-1 fluorescence ratio (aggregates/monomers) and mitochondrial ROS levels (MitoSOX staining). g–h , Western blot analysis of proteins involved in mitochondrial autophagy (Pink1, Parkin, and P62) (g) and mitochondrial fusion/fission (Opa1, Mfn2, Mfn1, Drp1, and Fis1) (h) . i , Confocal fluorescence microscopy images of mitochondria (green, MitoTracker) and lysosomes (red, LysoTracker) in R28 cells after different treatments. Nuclei were stained with Hoechst (blue). Scale bar: 50 μm ∗ ∗∗∗P < 0.0001. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
    Figure Legend Snippet: COPN restores mitochondrial quality control and interrupts the ROS‒cGAS‒inflammation axis in OGD/R-treated R28 cells. a , TEM images showing changes in the mitochondrial ultrastructure of R28 cells subjected to various treatments (PBS, PDNs, COPN-L, and COPN-H) after OGD/R. Scale bar: 500 nm b , Quantitative analyses of mitochondrial length and number in R28 cells as indicated in a . c , Representative fluorescence images showing JC-1 staining of the mitochondrial Δψm: aggregates (red) indicate healthy mitochondria, whereas monomers (green) represent depolarized mitochondria. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 50 μm d , Intracellular ATP content assay revealing improved energy production after COPN treatment under OGD/R stress conditions. e , mRNA expression analysis of mitochondrial dynamic regulatory genes (Opa1, Mfn2, Drp1, and Fis1) and mitochondrial DNA transcription levels (mt-ND1 and mt-COX1). f , Quantitative analysis of the JC-1 fluorescence ratio (aggregates/monomers) and mitochondrial ROS levels (MitoSOX staining). g–h , Western blot analysis of proteins involved in mitochondrial autophagy (Pink1, Parkin, and P62) (g) and mitochondrial fusion/fission (Opa1, Mfn2, Mfn1, Drp1, and Fis1) (h) . i , Confocal fluorescence microscopy images of mitochondria (green, MitoTracker) and lysosomes (red, LysoTracker) in R28 cells after different treatments. Nuclei were stained with Hoechst (blue). Scale bar: 50 μm ∗ ∗∗∗P < 0.0001. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

    Techniques Used: Control, Fluorescence, Staining, Expressing, Western Blot, Microscopy

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    Flow Cytometry:

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    Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with an Intracellular Fixation and Permeabilization Kit (88-8824-00, Invitrogen), followed by staining with an allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated anti-IL-4 antibody (554436, BD, U.S.A.) and PE-CY7-conjugated anti-IFN-γ antibody (25-7311-82, Invitrogen). .. Samples were finally collected using a CytoFLEX flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A.), and the ratios of IL-4+ CD4+ and IFN-γ+ CD4+ cells were calculated using CytoExpert 2.4: Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A. Immunofluorescence Assay For mitochondrial imaging, treated cells were incubated with the mitochondrial marker MitoTracker Red (M7512, Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 37°C for 30 min. For costaining of MFN1 and mitochondria, lung sections were first incubated with rabbit anti-MFN1 antibody at 4°C overnight, then washed, and finally incubated with MitoTracker Red for 30 min. For the DRP1 translocation assay, the cells were stained with MitoTracker Red and then incubated with rabbit anti-DRP1 antibody (8570S, CST). .. Finally, the tissue sections were treated with 4′,6-diamidino2-phenylindole (DAPI) (P0131, Beyotime).

    Immunofluorescence:

    Article Title: Ginsenoside Rb1 Alleviates Asthma Inflammation by Regulating Mitochondrial Dysfunction through SIRT1/PGC-1α and PI3K/AKT Pathways.
    Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with an Intracellular Fixation and Permeabilization Kit (88-8824-00, Invitrogen), followed by staining with an allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated anti-IL-4 antibody (554436, BD, U.S.A.) and PE-CY7-conjugated anti-IFN-γ antibody (25-7311-82, Invitrogen). .. Samples were finally collected using a CytoFLEX flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A.), and the ratios of IL-4+ CD4+ and IFN-γ+ CD4+ cells were calculated using CytoExpert 2.4: Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A. Immunofluorescence Assay For mitochondrial imaging, treated cells were incubated with the mitochondrial marker MitoTracker Red (M7512, Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 37°C for 30 min. For costaining of MFN1 and mitochondria, lung sections were first incubated with rabbit anti-MFN1 antibody at 4°C overnight, then washed, and finally incubated with MitoTracker Red for 30 min. For the DRP1 translocation assay, the cells were stained with MitoTracker Red and then incubated with rabbit anti-DRP1 antibody (8570S, CST). .. Finally, the tissue sections were treated with 4′,6-diamidino2-phenylindole (DAPI) (P0131, Beyotime).

    Imaging:

    Article Title: Ginsenoside Rb1 Alleviates Asthma Inflammation by Regulating Mitochondrial Dysfunction through SIRT1/PGC-1α and PI3K/AKT Pathways.
    Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with an Intracellular Fixation and Permeabilization Kit (88-8824-00, Invitrogen), followed by staining with an allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated anti-IL-4 antibody (554436, BD, U.S.A.) and PE-CY7-conjugated anti-IFN-γ antibody (25-7311-82, Invitrogen). .. Samples were finally collected using a CytoFLEX flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A.), and the ratios of IL-4+ CD4+ and IFN-γ+ CD4+ cells were calculated using CytoExpert 2.4: Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A. Immunofluorescence Assay For mitochondrial imaging, treated cells were incubated with the mitochondrial marker MitoTracker Red (M7512, Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 37°C for 30 min. For costaining of MFN1 and mitochondria, lung sections were first incubated with rabbit anti-MFN1 antibody at 4°C overnight, then washed, and finally incubated with MitoTracker Red for 30 min. For the DRP1 translocation assay, the cells were stained with MitoTracker Red and then incubated with rabbit anti-DRP1 antibody (8570S, CST). .. Finally, the tissue sections were treated with 4′,6-diamidino2-phenylindole (DAPI) (P0131, Beyotime).

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Ginsenoside Rb1 Alleviates Asthma Inflammation by Regulating Mitochondrial Dysfunction through SIRT1/PGC-1α and PI3K/AKT Pathways.
    Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with an Intracellular Fixation and Permeabilization Kit (88-8824-00, Invitrogen), followed by staining with an allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated anti-IL-4 antibody (554436, BD, U.S.A.) and PE-CY7-conjugated anti-IFN-γ antibody (25-7311-82, Invitrogen). .. Samples were finally collected using a CytoFLEX flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A.), and the ratios of IL-4+ CD4+ and IFN-γ+ CD4+ cells were calculated using CytoExpert 2.4: Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A. Immunofluorescence Assay For mitochondrial imaging, treated cells were incubated with the mitochondrial marker MitoTracker Red (M7512, Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 37°C for 30 min. For costaining of MFN1 and mitochondria, lung sections were first incubated with rabbit anti-MFN1 antibody at 4°C overnight, then washed, and finally incubated with MitoTracker Red for 30 min. For the DRP1 translocation assay, the cells were stained with MitoTracker Red and then incubated with rabbit anti-DRP1 antibody (8570S, CST). .. Finally, the tissue sections were treated with 4′,6-diamidino2-phenylindole (DAPI) (P0131, Beyotime).

    Article Title: Ginsenoside Rb1 alleviates airway inflammation in asthma by regulating mitochondrial dysfunction through SIRT1/PGC-1α and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
    Article Snippet: Immuno uorescence assay For mitochondrial imaging, treated cells were incubated with the mitochondrial marker MitoTracker Red (M7512, Thermo) at 37°C, 30 min. For co-staining of MFN1 and mitochondria, lung sections rstly incubated with MitoTracker Red, washed and incubated at 4°C (overnight) with rabbit anti-MFN1 antibody (57602, Abcam). .. For the DRP1 translocation assay, cells were stained with MitoTracker Red and then incubated with rabbit anti-DRP1 antibody (8570S, CST). .. At last, tissue sections were treated by DAPI (P0131, Beyotime).

    Marker:

    Article Title: Ginsenoside Rb1 Alleviates Asthma Inflammation by Regulating Mitochondrial Dysfunction through SIRT1/PGC-1α and PI3K/AKT Pathways.
    Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with an Intracellular Fixation and Permeabilization Kit (88-8824-00, Invitrogen), followed by staining with an allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated anti-IL-4 antibody (554436, BD, U.S.A.) and PE-CY7-conjugated anti-IFN-γ antibody (25-7311-82, Invitrogen). .. Samples were finally collected using a CytoFLEX flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A.), and the ratios of IL-4+ CD4+ and IFN-γ+ CD4+ cells were calculated using CytoExpert 2.4: Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A. Immunofluorescence Assay For mitochondrial imaging, treated cells were incubated with the mitochondrial marker MitoTracker Red (M7512, Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 37°C for 30 min. For costaining of MFN1 and mitochondria, lung sections were first incubated with rabbit anti-MFN1 antibody at 4°C overnight, then washed, and finally incubated with MitoTracker Red for 30 min. For the DRP1 translocation assay, the cells were stained with MitoTracker Red and then incubated with rabbit anti-DRP1 antibody (8570S, CST). .. Finally, the tissue sections were treated with 4′,6-diamidino2-phenylindole (DAPI) (P0131, Beyotime).

    Translocation Assay:

    Article Title: Ginsenoside Rb1 Alleviates Asthma Inflammation by Regulating Mitochondrial Dysfunction through SIRT1/PGC-1α and PI3K/AKT Pathways.
    Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with an Intracellular Fixation and Permeabilization Kit (88-8824-00, Invitrogen), followed by staining with an allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated anti-IL-4 antibody (554436, BD, U.S.A.) and PE-CY7-conjugated anti-IFN-γ antibody (25-7311-82, Invitrogen). .. Samples were finally collected using a CytoFLEX flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A.), and the ratios of IL-4+ CD4+ and IFN-γ+ CD4+ cells were calculated using CytoExpert 2.4: Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A. Immunofluorescence Assay For mitochondrial imaging, treated cells were incubated with the mitochondrial marker MitoTracker Red (M7512, Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 37°C for 30 min. For costaining of MFN1 and mitochondria, lung sections were first incubated with rabbit anti-MFN1 antibody at 4°C overnight, then washed, and finally incubated with MitoTracker Red for 30 min. For the DRP1 translocation assay, the cells were stained with MitoTracker Red and then incubated with rabbit anti-DRP1 antibody (8570S, CST). .. Finally, the tissue sections were treated with 4′,6-diamidino2-phenylindole (DAPI) (P0131, Beyotime).

    Article Title: Ginsenoside Rb1 alleviates airway inflammation in asthma by regulating mitochondrial dysfunction through SIRT1/PGC-1α and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
    Article Snippet: Immuno uorescence assay For mitochondrial imaging, treated cells were incubated with the mitochondrial marker MitoTracker Red (M7512, Thermo) at 37°C, 30 min. For co-staining of MFN1 and mitochondria, lung sections rstly incubated with MitoTracker Red, washed and incubated at 4°C (overnight) with rabbit anti-MFN1 antibody (57602, Abcam). .. For the DRP1 translocation assay, cells were stained with MitoTracker Red and then incubated with rabbit anti-DRP1 antibody (8570S, CST). .. At last, tissue sections were treated by DAPI (P0131, Beyotime).

    Staining:

    Article Title: Ginsenoside Rb1 Alleviates Asthma Inflammation by Regulating Mitochondrial Dysfunction through SIRT1/PGC-1α and PI3K/AKT Pathways.
    Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with an Intracellular Fixation and Permeabilization Kit (88-8824-00, Invitrogen), followed by staining with an allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated anti-IL-4 antibody (554436, BD, U.S.A.) and PE-CY7-conjugated anti-IFN-γ antibody (25-7311-82, Invitrogen). .. Samples were finally collected using a CytoFLEX flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A.), and the ratios of IL-4+ CD4+ and IFN-γ+ CD4+ cells were calculated using CytoExpert 2.4: Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, U.S.A. Immunofluorescence Assay For mitochondrial imaging, treated cells were incubated with the mitochondrial marker MitoTracker Red (M7512, Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 37°C for 30 min. For costaining of MFN1 and mitochondria, lung sections were first incubated with rabbit anti-MFN1 antibody at 4°C overnight, then washed, and finally incubated with MitoTracker Red for 30 min. For the DRP1 translocation assay, the cells were stained with MitoTracker Red and then incubated with rabbit anti-DRP1 antibody (8570S, CST). .. Finally, the tissue sections were treated with 4′,6-diamidino2-phenylindole (DAPI) (P0131, Beyotime).

    Article Title: Optogenetically engineered Ca2+ oscillation-mediated DRP1 activation promotes mitochondrial fission and cell death.
    Article Snippet: .. Cells were stained with rabbit anti-DRP1 antibody (1:100 in PBS; Cell Signaling technology, 8570S) or rabbit anti-phospho-DRP1-S616 antibody (1:100 in PBS; Cell Signaling Technology, 3455) for 12 h at 4°C. .. In addition, the cells were stained with goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated to Alexa Fluor 488 secondary antibody (1:200 in PBS; Molecular Probes, 10453272, OR, USA) for 1 h. The fluorophore was excited by a laser at 488 or 543 nm, and fluorescence was detected using a scanning confocal microscope (Olympus FV3000, Japan).

    Article Title: Optogenetically engineered Ca 2+ oscillation-mediated DRP1 activation promotes mitochondrial fission and cell death
    Article Snippet: .. Cells were stained with rabbit anti-DRP1 antibody (1:100 in PBS; Cell Signaling technology, 8570S) or rabbit anti-phospho-DRP1-S616 antibody (1:100 in PBS; Cell Signaling Technology, 3455) for 12 h at 4°C. .. In addition, the cells were stained with goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated to Alexa Fluor 488 secondary antibody (1:200 in PBS; Molecular Probes, 10453272, OR, USA) for 1 h. The fluorophore was excited by a laser at 488 or 543 nm, and fluorescence was detected using a scanning confocal microscope (Olympus FV3000, Japan).

    Article Title: The protective effect of LCZ696 in coxsackievirus B3-induced acute viral myocarditis mice.
    Article Snippet: .. Samples were sectioned into 5-μm-thick slices and subjected to haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining or immunohistochemistry (IHC) as previously.22 Rabbit anti-p-Drp1 antibody (1:200; CST, #3455) and rabbit anti-Drp1 antibody (1:200; CST, #8570) were used to stain in IHC for 1 h at 37°C; add HRP-polymer conjugate and incubate for 10 min; then add DAB colour solution. .. The in situ cell death assay kit POD (Roche, Germany) for DNA chromatin morphological characterization was used for quantitative detection.

    Article Title: Ginsenoside Rb1 alleviates airway inflammation in asthma by regulating mitochondrial dysfunction through SIRT1/PGC-1α and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
    Article Snippet: Immuno uorescence assay For mitochondrial imaging, treated cells were incubated with the mitochondrial marker MitoTracker Red (M7512, Thermo) at 37°C, 30 min. For co-staining of MFN1 and mitochondria, lung sections rstly incubated with MitoTracker Red, washed and incubated at 4°C (overnight) with rabbit anti-MFN1 antibody (57602, Abcam). .. For the DRP1 translocation assay, cells were stained with MitoTracker Red and then incubated with rabbit anti-DRP1 antibody (8570S, CST). .. At last, tissue sections were treated by DAPI (P0131, Beyotime).

    Membrane:

    Article Title: DEK deficiency suppresses mitophagy to protect against house dust mite-induced asthma
    Article Snippet: To label mitochondria, sections and cells were pre-incubated with MitoTracker Red (100 μM, #M7512, Thermo) or MitoTracker Green (100 μM, #M7514, Thermo) probes at 37°C for 30 min, and then incubated with corresponding antibodies. .. The primary antibodies were as follows: mouse anti-voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC) antibody (#14734, Abcam); rabbit anti-LC3B (microtubule-associated protein1 light chain 3 beta) antibody (#63817, Abcam); mouse anti-LC3B antibody (#83506S, Abcam); mouse anti-Parkin antibody (#77924, Abcam); rabbit anti-Parkin antibody (# 237469, ABclonal); rabbit anti-mitofusin1 (MFN1) antibody (#57602, Abcam); rabbit anti-translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOM20) antibody (# ab186735, Abcam); rabbit anti-caspase-1 antibody (#ab1872, Abcam); rabbit anti-IL-1β antibody (#AF5103, Affinity); rabbit anti-DRP1 antibody (#8570S, CST); and, anti-ATAD3A antibody (#A8230, ABclonal). .. For mtDNA measurement, cells were incubated with anti-DNA mouse monoclonal antibody (clone AC-30-10, #61014, 0.5 μg/ml, PROGEN Biotechnik GmbH, R-Biopharm AG, Germany) and rabbit anti-TOM20 antibody (#ab186735, Abcam).

    SDS Page:

    Article Title: Role of Septin7 in mitochondrial dynamics and oxidative metabolism in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells
    Article Snippet: .. The samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE (10% gels were loaded with 10 μg protein per lane), transferred to BioBond nitrocellulose membranes (Cytiva, Wilmington, DE, USA) and then probed with rabbit anti-Septin7 antibody (diluted 1:250; catalog. no. 18991; IBL); mouse anti-α-actinin (dilted 1:1000; catalog. no. sc-7453; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), rabbit anti-Drp1 antibody (diluted 1:200; catalog. no. 8570; Cell Signaling), rabbit anti-Phospho RP1Ser637 antibody (diluted 1:500, catalog. no. PA5-37534; Invitrogen), rabbit anti-Mfn2 antibody (diluted 1:1000; catalog. no. 9482; Cell Signaling), mouse anti-PINK1 antibody (diluted 1:1000; catalog. no. sc-517353; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), mouse anti-MYH2 (diluted 1:500; no. sc-71631; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and mouse anti-Opa1 antibody (diluted 1:1000; catalog. no. MA5-16149; Invitrogen. .. Horseradish peroxidase-polymer-conjugated, respective anti-rabbit or anti-mouse IgG antibodies (diluted 1:1000; Bio-Rad, Budapest, Hungary) were used as secondary antibodies and the immunoreactive bands were visualized using SuperSignal West Pico or Femto Chemiluminescent Substrate (Pierce Biotechnology, Rockford, IL, USA).

    Immunohistochemistry:

    Article Title: The protective effect of LCZ696 in coxsackievirus B3-induced acute viral myocarditis mice.
    Article Snippet: .. Samples were sectioned into 5-μm-thick slices and subjected to haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining or immunohistochemistry (IHC) as previously.22 Rabbit anti-p-Drp1 antibody (1:200; CST, #3455) and rabbit anti-Drp1 antibody (1:200; CST, #8570) were used to stain in IHC for 1 h at 37°C; add HRP-polymer conjugate and incubate for 10 min; then add DAB colour solution. .. The in situ cell death assay kit POD (Roche, Germany) for DNA chromatin morphological characterization was used for quantitative detection.



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    COPN restores mitochondrial quality control and interrupts the ROS‒cGAS‒inflammation axis in OGD/R-treated R28 cells. a , TEM images showing changes in the mitochondrial ultrastructure of R28 cells subjected to various treatments (PBS, PDNs, COPN-L, and COPN-H) after OGD/R. Scale bar: 500 nm b , Quantitative analyses of mitochondrial length and number in R28 cells as indicated in a . c , Representative fluorescence images showing JC-1 staining of the mitochondrial Δψm: aggregates (red) indicate healthy mitochondria, whereas monomers (green) represent depolarized mitochondria. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 50 μm d , Intracellular ATP content assay revealing improved energy production after COPN treatment under OGD/R stress conditions. e , mRNA expression analysis of mitochondrial dynamic regulatory genes (Opa1, Mfn2, Drp1, and Fis1) and mitochondrial DNA transcription levels (mt-ND1 and mt-COX1). f , Quantitative analysis of the JC-1 fluorescence ratio (aggregates/monomers) and mitochondrial ROS levels (MitoSOX staining). g–h , Western blot analysis of proteins involved in mitochondrial autophagy (Pink1, Parkin, and P62) (g) and mitochondrial fusion/fission (Opa1, Mfn2, Mfn1, Drp1, and Fis1) (h) . i , Confocal fluorescence microscopy images of mitochondria (green, MitoTracker) and lysosomes (red, LysoTracker) in R28 cells after different treatments. Nuclei were stained with Hoechst (blue). Scale bar: 50 μm ∗ ∗∗∗P < 0.0001. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

    Journal: Materials Today Bio

    Article Title: A dual-responsive CO-releasing nanogel ameliorates retinal ischemia–reperfusion injury by restoring mitochondrial homeostasis and attenuating cGAS-STING pathway activation

    doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102974

    Figure Lengend Snippet: COPN restores mitochondrial quality control and interrupts the ROS‒cGAS‒inflammation axis in OGD/R-treated R28 cells. a , TEM images showing changes in the mitochondrial ultrastructure of R28 cells subjected to various treatments (PBS, PDNs, COPN-L, and COPN-H) after OGD/R. Scale bar: 500 nm b , Quantitative analyses of mitochondrial length and number in R28 cells as indicated in a . c , Representative fluorescence images showing JC-1 staining of the mitochondrial Δψm: aggregates (red) indicate healthy mitochondria, whereas monomers (green) represent depolarized mitochondria. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 50 μm d , Intracellular ATP content assay revealing improved energy production after COPN treatment under OGD/R stress conditions. e , mRNA expression analysis of mitochondrial dynamic regulatory genes (Opa1, Mfn2, Drp1, and Fis1) and mitochondrial DNA transcription levels (mt-ND1 and mt-COX1). f , Quantitative analysis of the JC-1 fluorescence ratio (aggregates/monomers) and mitochondrial ROS levels (MitoSOX staining). g–h , Western blot analysis of proteins involved in mitochondrial autophagy (Pink1, Parkin, and P62) (g) and mitochondrial fusion/fission (Opa1, Mfn2, Mfn1, Drp1, and Fis1) (h) . i , Confocal fluorescence microscopy images of mitochondria (green, MitoTracker) and lysosomes (red, LysoTracker) in R28 cells after different treatments. Nuclei were stained with Hoechst (blue). Scale bar: 50 μm ∗ ∗∗∗P < 0.0001. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

    Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were used: Drp1 (CST, #8570, 1:1000, ∼80 kDa), Fis1 (Proteintech, 10956-1-AP, 1:1000, ∼17 kDa), Mfn1 (Abcam, ab104274, 1:1000, ∼84 kDa), Mfn2 (CST, #9482, 1:1000, ∼86 kDa), Opa1 (CST, #80471, 1:1000, ∼100–120 kDa), Pink1 (CST, #6946, 1:1000, ∼63 kDa), cGAS (CST, #15102, 1:1000, ∼60 kDa), STING (CST, #13647, 1:1000, ∼42–45 kDa), TBK1 (CST, #3013, 1:1000, ∼84 kDa), p-TBK1 (CST, #5483, 1:1000, ∼84 kDa), COX IV (Abcam, ab14744, 1:2000, ∼17 kDa), β-actin (Proteintech, 66009-1-Ig, 1:5000, ∼43 kDa), and GAPDH (Proteintech, 60004-1-Ig, 1:5000, After washing, the membranes were incubated with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies (goat anti-rabbit or goat anti-mouse IgG, CST, 1:5000) for 1 h at room temperature.

    Techniques: Control, Fluorescence, Staining, Expressing, Western Blot, Microscopy

    ZEB1 affects mitochondrial fission by regulating MFN2. (A) Confocal microscopy results of mitochondrial morphology in macrophages. Mitochondria were labeled with Mito-Tracker Red fluorescent probe (scale bar, 10 µ m; lower panels, ×200 magnification). Western blotting analysis of (B) MFN2 and (C) DRP1 protein expression in macrophages after ZEB1 knockdown. Quantitative density analysis data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (n=3 independent experiments). (D) Immunofluorescence colocalization analysis of MFN2 localization in mitochondria. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue), MFN2 protein was labeled with Alexa Fluor 488 (green) and mitochondrial membrane protein TOMM20 was labeled with Alexa Fluor 594 (red) (scale bar, 10 µ m). n=3, * P<0.05 vs. NC. DRP1, dynamin-related protein 1; MFN2, Mitofusin-2; ZEB1, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1; NC, negative control; sh, short hairpin.

    Journal: International Journal of Molecular Medicine

    Article Title: ZEB1 maintains mitochondrial fission and macrophage efferocytosis by restraining MFN2, thereby limiting inflammation and improving tendon-bone healing

    doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2026.5805

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ZEB1 affects mitochondrial fission by regulating MFN2. (A) Confocal microscopy results of mitochondrial morphology in macrophages. Mitochondria were labeled with Mito-Tracker Red fluorescent probe (scale bar, 10 µ m; lower panels, ×200 magnification). Western blotting analysis of (B) MFN2 and (C) DRP1 protein expression in macrophages after ZEB1 knockdown. Quantitative density analysis data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (n=3 independent experiments). (D) Immunofluorescence colocalization analysis of MFN2 localization in mitochondria. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue), MFN2 protein was labeled with Alexa Fluor 488 (green) and mitochondrial membrane protein TOMM20 was labeled with Alexa Fluor 594 (red) (scale bar, 10 µ m). n=3, * P<0.05 vs. NC. DRP1, dynamin-related protein 1; MFN2, Mitofusin-2; ZEB1, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1; NC, negative control; sh, short hairpin.

    Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used were as follows: Anti-β-Actin antibody (1:5,000; cat. no. 81115-1-RR; Proteintech Group, Inc.), anti-ZEB1 antibody (1:1,000; cat. no. ab203829; Abcam), anti-MFN2 antibody (1:5,000; cat. no. ab124773; Abcam), and anti-DRP1 antibody (1:5,000; cat. no. 5391; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.).

    Techniques: Confocal Microscopy, Labeling, Western Blot, Expressing, Knockdown, Standard Deviation, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Membrane, Binding Assay, Negative Control